| City | White / European | Other Ethnic Groups | Composition |
|---|---|---|---|
| London | ~53% | ~47% | |
| Manchester | ~66% | ~34% | |
| Birmingham | ~57% | ~43% | |
| Leeds | ~79% | ~21% |
| City | Native German / European | Migration Background | Composition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Berlin | ~67.5% | ~32.5% | |
| Hamburg | ~66% | ~34% | |
| Munich | ~62.5% | ~37.5% | |
| Frankfurt | ~52.5% | ~47.5% |
| City | Dutch / Western | Non-Western | Composition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amsterdam | ~58% | ~42% | |
| Rotterdam | ~53.5% | ~46.5% | |
| The Hague | ~54.5% | ~45.5% | |
| Utrecht | ~67.5% | ~32.5% |
| City | Native Population | Foreign-Born | Composition |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stockholm | ~71% | ~29% | |
| Copenhagen | ~74% | ~26% | |
| Oslo | ~69% | ~31% | |
| Gothenburg | ~73% | ~27% |
Data Collection Approach
Many Northwestern European countries do not collect race statistics in the same way as the United States. Instead, they often track migration background, foreign-born status, or nationality. The figures presented in this dashboard therefore represent approximate shares of native/European populations versus residents with migration or minority backgrounds in major and mid-sized cities.
Country-Specific Metrics
- United Kingdom: Uses census ethnicity data β "White" population vs "Other Ethnic Groups." Based on ONS Census 2021 data.
- Germany: Uses "Migrationshintergrund" (migration background) statistics from Destatis and municipal statistics offices. Tracks native German/European background vs those with migration background.
- Netherlands: Uses CBS (Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek) migration background data. Categorizes population as Dutch/Western background vs Non-Western background.
- Scandinavia: Uses national statistics on native-born vs foreign-born population from SCB (Sweden), DST (Denmark), and SSB (Norway).
Important Caveats
These figures are approximations based on the most recent available data. Ranges (e.g., "65β70%") reflect uncertainty in precise figures across different data sources and reporting periods. "European" or "native" categories may include naturalized citizens of non-European origin in some statistics. Rural and small-town demographics differ significantly from the major cities shown here β smaller communities typically remain 90β98% native European.
Data Sources
- UK: Office for National Statistics (ONS) β Census 2021
- Germany: Destatis β Mikrozensus; Municipal statistics offices
- Netherlands: CBS β Population by migration background
- Sweden: SCB β Foreign-born population statistics
- Denmark: DST β Immigrants and descendants statistics
- Norway: SSB β Immigration statistics